• The hippocampus is the primary brain structure involved

  2024-11-27

  

  The hippocampus is the primary brain structure involved in learning and memory. The role of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in neurological processes in cognition and depression has been extensively demonstrated. Synaptophysin is a critical substance in synaptogenesis, which is necessary for learnin

• Regarding androgens it is known that they are

  2024-11-27

  

  Regarding androgens, it is known that they are also essential for reproductive success (Walters et al., 2010). At the molecular level, their effects are produced mainly by dihydrotestosterone (DHT), arising from the conversion of testosterone by the enzyme 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid-4-dehydrogenase (enco

• We demonstrate a role for low

  2024-11-27

  

  We demonstrate a role for low oxygen to regulate ATX mRNA in hepatocyte-derived HuH7 pak4 and human liver slices, consistent with reports of increased ATX expression in a variety of tumours that are frequently hypoxic. Importantly, we show a positive association between elevated ATX mRNA levels in

• br Autophagy inducers Macroautophagy is often seen as

  2024-11-27

  

  Autophagy inducers Macroautophagy is often seen as a cellular process capable of increasing the fitness of EPZ-6438 and overcome resistance to several forms of stress [9], [10]. As discussed above, it has been proposed by several authors that an effective strategy for enhancing sensitivity of can

• A unique finding in this

  2024-11-27

  

  A unique finding in this study is that 12/15-LO influences CREB phosphorylation in the murine brain. While previous reports have found that knockout of 5-lipoxygenase, a related enzyme that also uses arachidonic CGP 35348 for substrate, can regulate CREB phosphoryation in the context of Alzheimer's

• bradykinin receptor antagonist ATM is required for the

  2024-11-27

  

  ATM is required for the proper function of the DNA-repair pathway in response to bleomycin-induced DNA damage in mammalian cells [55], [56]. Recent reports suggest that ATM activation by double-strand breaks leads to the subsequent ATR activation [57], [58], [59]. The recruitment of ATR to double-st

• There is limited information regarding hyperargininemia inci

  2024-11-27

  

  There is limited information regarding hyperargininemia incidence or prevalence. Reports of incidence vary by an order of magnitude: 0.5 to 5.0 per million [5], [6]. A relatively large U.S. study estimated 1.1 cases per million births [7], but it used an indirect methodology that introduces uncertai

• While increased arginase levels has been shown in animal mod

  2024-11-27

  

  While increased arginase levels has been shown in animal models and in humans with cardiovascular dysfunction [16], [22], [23], it is unknown whether plasma levels or activity of Arginase may predict ED risk. In addition, recent evidence suggests that plasma l-arginine hydrolysis by arginases limits

• br Materials and methods br Results and discussion br Conclu

  2024-11-27

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusion Funding This work was supported by the Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) [grant number FDN-148413] to PS, the National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [grant number CRD-399680] to ÉM, and the FR

• While there is much in vivo work on prion like

  2024-11-26

  

  While there is much in vivo work on prion-like Aβ, it has not been shown that one can induce inclusions of Aβ in cultured cells as has been shown for tau and α-synuclein. One reason is practical; Aβ is a low molecular weight metabolite cleaved from within the larger amyloid precursor protein (APP) a

• Although it is not known if

  2024-11-26

  

  Although it is not known if CP-AMPAR regulation is required for LTD, our previous characterization of AKAP150ΔPIX knockin mice that are selectively deficient in CaN anchoring, due to disruption of a PxIxIT-type CaN docking motif, provided important insights. We found that AKAP-CaN signaling dephosph

• br Brain cell reactions Brain

  2024-11-26

  

  Brain cell reactions Brain cells in common with all metabolic cells must contain chemically active primary compounds which spontaneously initiate and continue cell reactions under normal conditions of temperature and pressure (NTP). These compounds have been identified as monophosphoric and polyp

• So far many independent studies have linked cholesterol meta

  2024-11-26

  

  So far, many independent studies have linked cholesterol metabolism–related genes with AD, either by showing associations with specific polymorphisms or with differential Tetrazole synthesis levels (Beecham et al., 2014, Blain and Poirier, 2004, Lambert et al., 2009, Lambert et al., 2013, Leduc et 

• beta amyloid br Materials and methods br Results The determi

  2024-11-26

  

  Materials and methods Results The determination of the intrinsic inhibitory potential of the oximes HI-6 and MMB-4 with human and guinea pig AChE revealed marked differences between both oximes (Table 1). MMB-4 had an only marginal effect on both AChE species, calculated IC50 of >1000μM, whil

• This study does have several limitations mainly related to

  2024-11-26

  

  This study does have several limitations, mainly related to the DMSO vehicle. While DMSO is a known anti-inflammatory mediator,5, 12 it has been shown to upregulate ALOX5, which was not seen in this study (as we are likely underpowered to detect this difference). A manifestation of this anti-inflamm

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