• The different NO stimulated and ODQ inhibited cNMP patterns

  2021-09-18

  

  The different NO-stimulated and ODQ-inhibited cNMP patterns in terms of absolute and relative magnitude and time course reported herein suggest distinct functional roles of cGMP, cCMP and cUMP. Therefore, it will be necessary to dissect cellular effects of these cNMPs in numerous cell systems. For t

• br Gastrointestinal peptides and intestinal health Gastroint

  2021-09-17

  

  Gastrointestinal peptides and intestinal health Gastrointestinal peptides are intimately involved in the regulation of feeding behaviors, energy metabolism and bodyweight 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41. GPR120 has been demonstrated to induce secretion of two such peptides: GLP-1 and cholecystokinin (CCK)

• Moreover we revealed that alanine and taurine

  2021-09-17

  

  Moreover, we revealed that β-alanine and taurine, a structural analog of β-alanine, have different receptor affinity in the SG neurons of the spinal dorsal horn. Additionally, previous studies indicate that taurine regulates nociceptive information at the spinal cord level, and we have previously de

• There were significant differences in mRNA expression

  2021-09-17

  

  There were significant differences in mRNA expression levels observed for 7 out of 15 analyzed genes. This observation suggests, that selection of a reference/control group may influence interpretation of gene expression studies performed in liver pathologies. This study directly evidenced that anal

• The ion conduction pathway reported

  2021-09-17

  

  The ion conduction pathway reported herein accounts for all known functional properties of EAAT/GltPh anion channels. Simulations reveal unitary current amplitudes and ion selectivities (Figures 3C and 3D) that resemble experimental results (Melzer et al., 2003, Wadiche and Kavanaugh, 1998). The cal

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Protein translation dema

  2021-09-17

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Protein translation demands high fidelity. There are number of molecular checkpoints to fulfill this demand. Among these, insuring that a particular tRNA gets aminoacylated by its conjugate amino acid, which in turn is catalyzed by a particular aminoacyl-tRNA synt

• A main finding of this

  2021-09-17

  

  A main finding of this study was that the impact of exogenous insulin on hippocampal memory and glucose utilization was GluT4-dependent. Although insulin was administered directly to the hippocampus, it is important to point out that such administration does indeed have physiological relevance; that

• As ghrelin effects are suspected to be mediated by

  2021-09-17

  

  As ghrelin effects are suspected to be mediated by a heterogeneous population of G-protein-coupled-receptors [2], [21], other so far unknown subtypes of ghrelin receptors differing from the classical GHSR-1a may additionally exist that might also mediate ghrelin effects on the heart. Thus, the real

• Hypocotyl development is a crucial phase of

  2021-09-17

  

  Hypocotyl development is a crucial phase of early vegetative growth that influences seedling vigor contributing to fitness and productivity of a plant system (Stinchcombe and Schmitt, 2006; Luo et al., 2017). The development of a hypocotyl is characterized by an initial slow growth phase followed by

• br Materials and methods br Results and

  2021-09-17

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684), and also by t

• Knock out mice of FXR showed

  2021-09-17

  

  Knock-out mice of FXR showed enhancing cholesterol metabolism in vivo and reducing serum levels of total cholesterol. Additionally, the results of FXR-deficiency mice revealed potential effects on the improvement of obesity and diabetes.19, 20 As a natural FXR ligand, guggulsterone possesses antagon

• The highest metabolic stability observed for compound

  2021-09-17

  

  The highest metabolic stability observed for compound 4k (EC50=0.41μM corresponding to 218ng/mL) among the four selected frontrunner candidates was the principal decisive point in nominating this compounds for pharmacokinetic characterization in mice at the dosage of 10mg/kg (administered intravenou

• br Materials and methods All studies were

  2021-09-17

  

  Materials and methods All studies were performed in 230–250g timed-pregnant Sprague Dawley rats (Harlan, Indianapolis, Indiana). Animals were housed in a temperature controlled room with a 12:12 light:dark cycle. All experimental procedures in this study were in accordance with the National Insti

• As for all DOACs measurement of DiXaIs activity

  2021-09-17

  

  As for all DOACs, measurement of DiXaIs activity requires the use of dedicated specific calibrators and controls. Each drug needs its own calibration and control material in a like to like manner. In no case can a drug concentration be extrapolated with the use of a calibrator established for anothe

• As concerns TRPV assays benzylic amides and benzylic reverse

  2021-09-17

  

  As concerns TRPV1 assays, benzylic amides and benzylic reverse amides exhibited an overall superiority over their aryl counterparts and , and ureas and . A reversed trend was however observed with the 4-chlorostyryl and 4--butylphenyl moieties (compare compounds and ; , , and ; and ). The EC a

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